Italiano
Storia
Scienze
Filosofia
Storia dell'arte
Dall'alto medioevo al basso medioevo
Il nazionalismo e la prima guerra mondiale
Il medioevo
La grande guerra e le sue conseguenze
L'italia e l'europa nel mondo
Verso un nuovo secolo
Il mondo dell’ottocento
L’età dei totalitarismi
Decadenza dell’impero romano
L'età medioevale
L'età moderna
Le antiche civiltà
Il risorgimento e l’unità d’italia
La civiltà greca
La civiltà romana
Mostra tutti gli argomenti
La terra deformata: faglue, pieghe
Il sistema solare e il sole
Le acque oceaniche
La nutrizione e l'aparato digerente
L’atmosfera
I sistemi di regolazione e gli organi di senso
Processo magmatico e rocce ignee
Processo sedimentario e rocce sedimentarie
I vulcani
Apparato circolatorio e sistema linfatico
La terra: uno sguardo introduttivo
La riproduzione
La genetica
La dinamica delle placche
Le acque continentali
Mostra tutti gli argomenti
Filosofie della coscienza: libertà umana, analitica esistenziale e riflessioni sul tempo in heidegger e bergson
Platone
La rivoluzione scientifica e le sue dimensioni filosofico- antropologiche
La ricerca dell'assoluto e il rapporto io-natura nell'idealismo tedesco
La società e la cultura in età ellenistica.
Aristotele.
I molteplici principi della realtà.
Socrate.
Cenni sul pensiero medievale
L'illuminismo:
La negazione del sistema e le filosofie della crisi: schopenhauer, kierkegaard, nietzsche
Aspetti filosofici dell'umanesimo e del rinascimento
L'indagine sull'essere.
Filosofia della storia e teoria del progresso dal positivismo a feuerbach
La ricerca del principio di tutte le cose.
Mostra tutti gli argomenti
La scultura
Il barocco romano
La civiltà gotica
L’impressionismo
Il post-impressionismo
L’art nouveau
Il primo rinascimento a firenze
La seconda metà del 700. il neoclassicismo
La civiltà greca
La prima metà dell’ottocento. il romanticismo
La pittura toscana della metà del quattrocento
L’arte paleocristiana e bizantina
La prima metà del 700. il rococò
Il tardo rinascimento
La prima metà del 400
Mostra tutti gli argomenti
Grazia Aspromonte
@graziaaspromonte_01
·
17 Follower
Segui
Alcoli, fenoli ed eteri sono importanti classi di composti organici contenenti ossigeno. Questa lezione fornisce una panoramica delle loro strutture, nomenclatura e proprietà principali.
3/11/2022
141
This page delves deeper into the properties of alcohols, phenols, and ethers, highlighting their similarities and differences.
Alcohols and phenols share some common characteristics due to their hydroxyl groups. They generally have higher boiling points compared to hydrocarbons of similar molecular weight, owing to hydrogen bonding.
Definition: Hydrogen bonding is a strong intermolecular force that occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like oxygen) and another highly electronegative atom.
The solubility of alcohols and phenols in water depends on the balance between their hydrophilic (-OH group) and hydrophobic (hydrocarbon chain) parts. Shorter-chain alcohols are more water-soluble than longer-chain ones.
Highlight: The first three members of the alcohol family are completely miscible with water, while higher alcohols become increasingly hydrophobic.
Phenols exhibit both alcoholic and acidic properties. They are more acidic than alcohols but less acidic than carboxylic acids.
Example: The acidity of phenol is about 10^6 times greater than that of ethanol.
Ethers, unlike alcohols and phenols, do not form hydrogen bonds with themselves. This results in lower boiling points compared to alcohols of similar molecular weight.
Vocabulary: Hydrophobic refers to the water-repelling nature of a substance, while hydrophilic describes water-attracting properties.
Understanding these properties is crucial for predicting the behavior of these compounds in various chemical reactions and their applications in organic synthesis.
This page introduces the fundamental concepts of alcohols, phenols, and ethers, focusing on their structures and nomenclature. These organic compounds are characterized by the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups.
Alcohols are formed by substituting a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon with a hydroxyl group (-OH). The naming convention for alcohols involves replacing the final 'e' of the hydrocarbon name with '-ol'. For compounds with multiple hydroxyl groups, prefixes like 'di-' or 'tri-' are used.
Example: Propane becomes propanol when a hydroxyl group is added.
Vocabulary: Hydroxyl group (-OH) is the characteristic functional group of alcohols and phenols.
Phenols are compounds where the hydroxyl group is directly attached to an aromatic ring. They are named by adding '-phenol' to the base compound name.
Example: Hydroxybenzene is also known as phenol.
Ethers contain an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. In IUPAC nomenclature, ethers are named using the 'alkoxy' prefix.
Example: CH₃-O-C₂H₅ is called methoxy ethane.
Highlight: The -OR group in ethers is referred to as an alkoxy group, where R represents an alkyl or aryl group.
Valutazione media dell'app
Studenti che usano Knowunity
Nelle classifiche delle app per l'istruzione in 12 Paesi
Studenti che hanno caricato appunti
Utente iOS
Stefano S, utente iOS
Susanna, utente iOS
Grazia Aspromonte
@graziaaspromonte_01
·
17 Follower
Segui
Alcoli, fenoli ed eteri sono importanti classi di composti organici contenenti ossigeno. Questa lezione fornisce una panoramica delle loro strutture, nomenclatura e proprietà principali.
Accesso a tutti i documenti
Migliora i tuoi voti
Unisciti a milioni di studenti
Iscrivendosi si accettano i Termini di servizio e la Informativa sulla privacy.
This page delves deeper into the properties of alcohols, phenols, and ethers, highlighting their similarities and differences.
Alcohols and phenols share some common characteristics due to their hydroxyl groups. They generally have higher boiling points compared to hydrocarbons of similar molecular weight, owing to hydrogen bonding.
Definition: Hydrogen bonding is a strong intermolecular force that occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like oxygen) and another highly electronegative atom.
The solubility of alcohols and phenols in water depends on the balance between their hydrophilic (-OH group) and hydrophobic (hydrocarbon chain) parts. Shorter-chain alcohols are more water-soluble than longer-chain ones.
Highlight: The first three members of the alcohol family are completely miscible with water, while higher alcohols become increasingly hydrophobic.
Phenols exhibit both alcoholic and acidic properties. They are more acidic than alcohols but less acidic than carboxylic acids.
Example: The acidity of phenol is about 10^6 times greater than that of ethanol.
Ethers, unlike alcohols and phenols, do not form hydrogen bonds with themselves. This results in lower boiling points compared to alcohols of similar molecular weight.
Vocabulary: Hydrophobic refers to the water-repelling nature of a substance, while hydrophilic describes water-attracting properties.
Understanding these properties is crucial for predicting the behavior of these compounds in various chemical reactions and their applications in organic synthesis.
Accesso a tutti i documenti
Migliora i tuoi voti
Unisciti a milioni di studenti
Iscrivendosi si accettano i Termini di servizio e la Informativa sulla privacy.
This page introduces the fundamental concepts of alcohols, phenols, and ethers, focusing on their structures and nomenclature. These organic compounds are characterized by the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups.
Alcohols are formed by substituting a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon with a hydroxyl group (-OH). The naming convention for alcohols involves replacing the final 'e' of the hydrocarbon name with '-ol'. For compounds with multiple hydroxyl groups, prefixes like 'di-' or 'tri-' are used.
Example: Propane becomes propanol when a hydroxyl group is added.
Vocabulary: Hydroxyl group (-OH) is the characteristic functional group of alcohols and phenols.
Phenols are compounds where the hydroxyl group is directly attached to an aromatic ring. They are named by adding '-phenol' to the base compound name.
Example: Hydroxybenzene is also known as phenol.
Ethers contain an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. In IUPAC nomenclature, ethers are named using the 'alkoxy' prefix.
Example: CH₃-O-C₂H₅ is called methoxy ethane.
Highlight: The -OR group in ethers is referred to as an alkoxy group, where R represents an alkyl or aryl group.
Valutazione media dell'app
Studenti che usano Knowunity
Nelle classifiche delle app per l'istruzione in 12 Paesi
Studenti che hanno caricato appunti
Utente iOS
Stefano S, utente iOS
Susanna, utente iOS
