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have a normal scheme with an intro, a development and a conclusion). During the 18th century she was influenced by the novelists, in fact she used to give more attention to the psychology of the characters that were involved in the ordinary events of life like balls, walks and parties. She was particularly influenced by Henry Fielding in her works she used the omniscient narrator and preferred using the dialogue to make the story seem real. She also used the verbal and situational irony rather than using comments on the action and focused on the country gentry because she knew it better. Austen's analysis of character. One of the most important things that we can say about Jane Austen's characters is that they have a particular structure and description in all her works. She was still linked to the previous generation but he was able to follow her own individual ideas. For example we can see that his work deals with 3 important themes: ● love, that is far away from the theme of the great passion - she treats love and sexual attraction with the view of something that, even if is really strong, has to be controlled, regulated and transported to a more private sphere; marriage, which is one of the traditional values of country families as they were also property, money and decorum; parenthood. Another important and common part of her works is the presence of the happy ending: all her novels end with the marriage of the hero and heroine, that we can consider as well rounded characters. The theme of marriage. The traditional values of country families - such as property, decorum, money and marriage - are the basis of the plots and settings of Jane Austen's novels. They take place in the oldest England, based on the possession of land and houses. In her stories people from different classes get married as a result of the growing social mobility. The marriage market takes place in London, Bath and some seaside resorts in these places there are all the troubles of Austen's world, like gossip, flirtations, seductions, adulteries. This happens because the marriage market has also produced a range of villains: unscrupulous relatives, seducers, social climbers. Pride and Prejudice. Plot and settings. Is a romantic comedy that deals with the story of young lovers - misunderstandings, reversals, triumphs - and ends in happy marriages. It is set in Longbourn, a small village in Hertfordshire, where Mr and Mrs Bennet live with their five daughters: Jane, Elizabeth, Mary, Lydia and Kitty. One day a rich bachelor, Charles Bingley, and his two sisters rent a large estate in the neighbourhood. After a series of balls and parties Mr Bingley falls in love with Jane, and his best friend, the aristocratic Mr. Darcy begins to feel attracted to Elizabeth, but she dislikes him because of his snobbish behaviour. When Mr Darcy declares his love, he was not able to not mark the inferior social position of Elizabeth, so She rejects him and accuses him of separating her sister and Bingley, and of ill-treating George Wickham. Darcy writes her a letter where he reveals that Wickham is an unscrupulous adventurer, in fact He runs away with Lydia and Darcy provides for their marriage. Elizabeth realises that she was mistaken about Darcy and accepts his proposal. Bingley comes back and becomes engaged to Jane, so the novel ends with the happy marriages of the two couples. Characters. The main characters are Elizabeth Bennet and Mr Darcy (well rounded characters). They both have positive and negative qualities. They are in antithesis to the conventional heroes and heroines of the sentimental novels. ● Darcy is self-centred and unsociable. Elizabeth has a lively mind. She is intelligent and capable of complex impressions and ideas. She has a strong spirit of independence and refuses to take on the roles which her family tries to impose on her. Both Elizabeth and Darcy show a misunderstanding of themselves and each other. She accuses him of pride, He accuses her of prejudice. These accusations are well-founded but also work in reverse: She is proud, and her pride blinds her to his virtues; He is prejudiced by his upbringing and is disgusted by the vulgar behaviour of Elizabeth's mother and sisters. The minor characters in the novel (flat characters) are caricatures Lady Catherine and Mrs Bennet. ● Themes. The 2 most important themes are self-awareness and self-knowledge. Other themes are love, marriage, status and wealth, decorum and propriety. Marriage is presented from several points of view: in terms of security and independence (Charlotte Lucas and Mr Collins); physical attraction (Lydia and Wickham, and Mr and Mrs Bennet); containing elements of love and prudence (Jane and Bingley, and Elizabeth and Darcy). ܀ Style. This work is so famous because of the vivid description of the characters and the brightness of dialogue often quoted directly, without the mediation of the narrator: these are two dramatic features that have made the novel easily adaptable for stage and screen. Jane Austen uses third-person narration and she is close to the mind of Elizabeth. ● The first-person narrative is used to talk about letters that the characters writo to each other. The epistolary technique is used to expand beyond the small world of Longbourn. Irony is used in relation to the characters, who are trapped in a double perspective: they do not know that things are not the way they seem, while the reader does. ● Mr and Mrs Bennet. Mrs. Bennet is a tiresome character. Noisy and foolish, she is a woman consumed by the desire to see her daughters married and seems to care for nothing else in the world. Ironically, her desire tends to backfire (ritorcersi contro), in fact because of her lack (mancanza) of social graces She alienates everyone (Darcy and Bingley) whom she tries to attract. Austen highlights the necessity of marriage for young women. Mrs. Bennet also serves as a middle-class counterpoint to distinguish the upper-class snobs as Lady Catherine and Miss Bingley. At the end, however, Mrs. Bennet is seen as an unattractive figure and some readers have accused Austen of unfairness in describing her because Austen, like Mr. Bennet, took pleasure in making fun of her, who is already hated for her tendency. Mr. Bennet is the patriarch of the Bennet household, the husband of Mrs. Bennet and the father of Jane, Elizabeth, Lydia, Kitty, and Mary. He is an exasperated man because of his wife and difficult daughters. He reacts assuming a detached attitude and a sarcastic humour. He is closest to Elizabeth because they are the two most intelligent Bennets. Initially, his detachment in front of his wife's hysteria makes Mr. Bennet a sympathetic figure, but gradually the reader loses respect for him as it becomes too detached. He is a weak father who, at critical moments, fails his family. Darcy Proposes to Elizabeth. The Collins household has left for Rosings. Elizabeth is at home by herself. Darcy shows up, asking about her health. He then shocks her by declaring his love for her and proposing marriage. Darcy's approach is to list the reasons that she is a poor choice for him (her social inferiority and her family's reputation) and then to confess that he has fallen in love with her. Elizabeth's shock turns to resentment. She refuses his proposal, criticises his role in separating Jane and Bingley, and also accuses him of mistreating Wickham. She says he is mistaken, and he leaves the house angrily. Elizabeth is in tears and hides in her room to avoid seeing anyone. This chapter represents the emotional climax of the novel, as the themes of social class, love versus marriage, and reputation collide. Darcy's marriage proposal takes Elizabeth completely by surprise. She is also angry and feels insulted by the nature of his proposal : Elizabeth's claim that his manner of proposal is not "gentleman like" and accuses him of pride. Elizabeth's response reminds readers that she still believes her initial prejudice against Darcy: "From the very beginning-from the first moment... of my acquaintance with you, your manners, impressing me with the fullest belief of your arrogance, your conceit, and your selfish disdain of the feelings of others, were such as to form that groundwork of disapprobation."