Page 1: Early Monist Philosophers and Their Principles

The first Greek philosophers developed theories about the fundamental nature of reality. Thales proposed that l'acqua è il principio di tutte le cose, viewing water as both a spatial and constructive principle. Anaximander introduced the concept of apeiron (the infinite/indeterminate) as the source of all things, describing a cosmic process of separation and return. Anassimene e l'aria presented air as the primary substance, explaining change through processo di rarefazione e condensazione.

Definition: Apeiron refers to the boundless, infinite, and indeterminate principle from which all things emerge and return.

Highlight: The concept of processo di rarefazione significato explains how a single substance can transform into different states of matter.

Example: Thales observed that water exists in multiple states (liquid, solid, vapor) and sustains all life, leading to his theory of water as the primary substance.