Structure and Functions of the Italian Parliament
The parlamento italiano serves as the cornerstone of Italy's democratic system, representing the Italian people through a collegial structure. This comprehensive overview details its organization and key functions.
Definition: The Parliament is the collegial body representing the Italian people, with a legislative term lasting 5 years.
Highlight: The Italian Parliament operates through a bicameral system consisting of:
- The Camera dei Deputati with 400 members
- The Senate with 200 members, including life senators
Vocabulary: "Suffragio universale" (Universal suffrage) means all citizens have the right to vote.
The electoral system (sistema elettorale italiano) comprises two main types:
- Majoritarian System: Seats are assigned to those obtaining the most votes
- Proportional System: Seats are distributed proportionally to votes received
Example: Italy currently employs a mixed system (sistema elettorale misto italiano) combining elements of both majoritarian and proportional representation.
Parliamentary Organization:
- Each chamber elects a President as its representative
- Members form parliamentary groups based on party affiliation
- Special requirements exist for membership (25 years minimum for Deputies, 40 for Senators)
Quote: "Article 67 states that each member of Parliament represents the nation."
Legal Status and Privileges:
- Article 66 addresses ineligibility and incompatibility issues
- Article 68 provides for parliamentary immunity and legal protections
- Members enjoy specific prerogatives and responsibilities
Legislative Process:
- Begins with legislative initiative
- Involves parliamentary commissions
- Features different procedural paths depending on commission roles
Highlight: Parliamentary commissions play a crucial role in examining and discussing proposed legislation before presentation to the full chamber.
