Latin Subordinate Clauses and Constructions
This page presents a detailed schema of Latin propositions and constructs, focusing on various types of subordinate clauses and their usage in Latin syntax. The information is organized into different categories of clauses, each with its specific conjunctions and rules.
Final Clauses
Final clauses are introduced using 'ut' (or 'ne' for negative purpose) followed by the subjunctive mood.
Example: Ut + subjunctive is used to express purpose or intention in Latin.
Temporal Clauses
Several conjunctions are listed for temporal clauses:
- Cum
- Antequam/Postquam
- Ut/Ut primum
- Ubi/Ubi primum
- Simul ac/Simul atque
- Donec/Dum
Vocabulary: These conjunctions are used to express various time relationships between clauses in a Latin period.
Causal Clauses
Causal conjunctions include:
- Quod
- Quia
- Quoniam
- Siquidem
- Quandoquidem
- Propterea quod
Definition: Causal clauses explain the reason or cause for the action in the main clause.
Consecutive Clauses
Consecutive clauses are formed using 'ut' (or 'ut non' for negative result) with the subjunctive. They are often preceded by demonstrative words like:
- Tam
- Tantus, -a, -um
- Talis, -e
- Is, ea, id
- Sic
- Ita
- Adeo
Highlight: Understanding consecutive clauses is crucial for mastering the syntax of the Latin period.
Completive-Volitive Clauses
These clauses are governed by specific verbs, such as:
- Peto (to ask, with a/ab + ablative)
- Quaero (to ask, with e/ex + ablative)
They use 'ut' with the subjunctive to express requests or desires.
Cum Narrativum
The document explains the usage of 'cum narrativum' with the subjunctive mood, which is important in historical narration.
Example: Cum narrativum is often used in Latin historical texts to provide background information.
Sequence of Tenses (Consecutio Temporum)
The page includes a detailed breakdown of the sequence of tenses in Latin, showing how main clause tenses correspond to subordinate clause tenses in both Latin and Italian.
Highlight: Understanding the consecutio temporum is essential for correctly forming subordinate clauses in Latin.
Infinitive Constructions
The document briefly mentions infinitive constructions, listing present, perfect, and future infinitives.
Ut Adverbiale
Two types of adverbial 'ut' constructions are mentioned:
- Modal: where 'ut' is placed between commas
- Comparative: where 'ut' is accompanied by 'ita' and 'sic'
Definition: Adverbial 'ut' constructions add additional information about manner or comparison to the main clause.
This comprehensive overview serves as an excellent schema for Latin propositions and constructs, making it an invaluable resource for students studying Latin syntax and subordinate clauses.
