Irregular Verbs and Special Cases
This page covers the future simple conjugation of irregular verbs and special cases in Latin.
The verbs volo (I want), nolo (I do not want), and malo (I prefer) follow the pattern of the third conjugation in the future tense:
- volam, voles, volet
- volemus, voletis, volent
Similarly for nolo and malo:
-
nolam, noles, nolet
-
nolemus, noletis, nolent
-
malam, males, malet
-
malemus, maletis, malent
The verb sum (to be) has a unique future conjugation:
- ero, eris, erit
- erimus, eritis, erunt
Vocabulary: Rotacism - a phonological process where an alveolar consonant (usually /s/ or /z/) becomes a rhotic sound (usually /r/).
The verb possum (I am able) forms its future tense from the stem es- of the verb sum, which undergoes rotacism:
- potero, poteris, poterit
- poterimus, poteritis, poterunt
Highlight: Irregular verbs in Latin often have unique conjugation patterns in the future tense, but they generally follow recognizable patterns within their irregularity.
Example: The future of sum (to be) - "ero" (I will be) - is completely irregular and must be memorized separately.
These irregular verbs and special cases are crucial for mastering the futuro semplice italiano per stranieri, as they are common in both spoken and written Latin.