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317
1
ilaria franco
6/9/2022
Inglese
Present Perfect
The present perfect tense and comparative/superlative forms are essential grammatical structures in English. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of their formation and usage, with practical examples to aid understanding.
6/9/2022
8850
317
1
ilaria franco
6/9/2022
Inglese
Present Perfect
The present perfect tense in English is a versatile grammatical structure used to connect past actions with the present. This page provides a detailed explanation of how to form and use the present perfect tense effectively.
The present perfect is constructed using the auxiliary verb 'have' or 'has' followed by the past participle of the main verb. For regular verbs, the past participle is formed by adding '-ed' to the base form, while irregular verbs have unique past participle forms.
Example: She has worked (regular verb), I have been (irregular verb)
In negative sentences, 'not' is inserted after 'have' or 'has':
Example: She hasn't worked, I haven't been
For questions, the auxiliary verb is placed before the subject:
Example: Has she worked? Have you been?
Recent Actions: The present perfect is used to describe actions that have just been completed or have relevance to the present moment.
Example: I have taken my mask
With Time Markers: Certain time expressions commonly accompany the present perfect, such as 'just', 'already', 'never', 'ever', 'recently', 'lately', and 'yet'.
Example: I have just had dinner
Unspecified Time: When there's no specific time mentioned, the present perfect can be used to indicate an action that occurred at some point in the past.
Example: He has worked here for 1 year
Duration Form: To express actions that began in the past and continue into the present, often used with 'for' and 'since'.
Example: I have worked in this school for 10 years, I have known Pietro since 2019
Highlight: The present perfect is particularly useful for expressing experiences, changes over time, and actions with present relevance.
Vocabulary: 'Been' is used in the present perfect continuous to indicate an action in progress, while 'gone' suggests someone has left and not yet returned.
Understanding these rules and applications will greatly enhance your ability to use the present perfect correctly in various contexts.
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ilaria franco
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The present perfect tense and comparative/superlative forms are essential grammatical structures in English. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of their formation and usage, with practical examples to aid understanding.
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The present perfect tense in English is a versatile grammatical structure used to connect past actions with the present. This page provides a detailed explanation of how to form and use the present perfect tense effectively.
The present perfect is constructed using the auxiliary verb 'have' or 'has' followed by the past participle of the main verb. For regular verbs, the past participle is formed by adding '-ed' to the base form, while irregular verbs have unique past participle forms.
Example: She has worked (regular verb), I have been (irregular verb)
In negative sentences, 'not' is inserted after 'have' or 'has':
Example: She hasn't worked, I haven't been
For questions, the auxiliary verb is placed before the subject:
Example: Has she worked? Have you been?
Recent Actions: The present perfect is used to describe actions that have just been completed or have relevance to the present moment.
Example: I have taken my mask
With Time Markers: Certain time expressions commonly accompany the present perfect, such as 'just', 'already', 'never', 'ever', 'recently', 'lately', and 'yet'.
Example: I have just had dinner
Unspecified Time: When there's no specific time mentioned, the present perfect can be used to indicate an action that occurred at some point in the past.
Example: He has worked here for 1 year
Duration Form: To express actions that began in the past and continue into the present, often used with 'for' and 'since'.
Example: I have worked in this school for 10 years, I have known Pietro since 2019
Highlight: The present perfect is particularly useful for expressing experiences, changes over time, and actions with present relevance.
Vocabulary: 'Been' is used in the present perfect continuous to indicate an action in progress, while 'gone' suggests someone has left and not yet returned.
Understanding these rules and applications will greatly enhance your ability to use the present perfect correctly in various contexts.
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Migliora i tuoi voti
Unisciti a milioni di studenti
Iscrivendosi si accettano i Termini di servizio e la Informativa sulla privacy.
The present perfect tense is used to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present or have relevance to the present moment. Comparatives and superlatives are used to compare two or more things, highlighting differences or extremes.
The present perfect is formed using the auxiliary verb 'have' or 'has' followed by the past participle of the main verb.
Example: She has worked (for regular verbs), I have been (for irregular verbs)
For negative sentences, 'not' is added after 'have' or 'has':
Example: She hasn't worked, I haven't been
Questions are formed by inverting the subject and auxiliary verb:
Example: Has she worked? Have you been?
The present perfect is used in several contexts:
For recent actions:
Example: I have taken my mask
With specific time markers:
Example: I have just had dinner
For actions without a specific time indicator:
Example: He has worked here for 1 year
To express duration:
Example: I have known Pietro since 2019
Highlight: The present perfect continuous (been + -ing) is used for ongoing actions, while 'gone' indicates someone has left and not yet returned.
Equality: 'as ... as'
Example: Tokyo is as big as London
Superiority: '-er' or 'more'
Example: China is bigger than Italy, This building is more modern than that
Inferiority: 'less ... than'
Example: This book is less interesting than that one
Superlatives express the highest degree and are formed with 'the' + '-est' or 'the most':
Example: This is the cheapest pair of shoes in the world
Some adjectives have irregular comparative and superlative forms:
Vocabulary: Good - better - the best, Bad - worse - the worst, Far - farther/further - the farthest/furthest
Highlight: Understanding these rules helps in forming correct comparatives and superlatives in English.
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