Ancient Greek Alphabet and Diacritical Marks
The ancient Greek writing system presents a comprehensive structure of letters and diacritical marks. The alphabet contains 24 letters, from Alpha to Omega, each with distinct pronunciations and uses.
Definition: The alfabeto greco antico is a writing system that includes both consonants and vowels, along with various diacritical marks for precise pronunciation.
Example: Letters like Alpha A,α for 'a', Beta B,β for 'b', and Gamma Γ,γ for 'g' form the foundation of the system.
Vocabulary: Segni diacritici diacriticalmarks are additional symbols placed above or below letters to indicate specific pronunciation features.
Highlight: The system includes three types of accents:
- Acute accent οˊ - indicates rising voice
- Grave accent οˋ - indicates falling voice
- Circumflex accent ῶ - indicates rise and fall in voice
Quote: "Tutte le parole greche, tranne le enclitiche e le proclitiche, hanno una Sillaba tonica accentata" - Every Greek word, except for enclitics and proclitics, has a tonic accented syllable.
The text also explains the concept of spirits breathingmarks used on initial vowels and diphthongs:
- Smooth breathing ᾿ indicates no aspiration
- Rough breathing ῾ indicates aspiration
This comprehensive system of fonemi e grafemi allows for precise representation of ancient Greek pronunciation and meaning.
