Page 1: The Fundamental Structure of Biomolecules
The page presents a comprehensive overview of biological molecules and their organizational hierarchy in living organisms. The content explores how simple organic compounds combine to form more complex structures essential for life.
Definition: Biomolecole are the fundamental organic compounds that make up living organisms, consisting primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Example: Carbohydrates range from simple sugars (carboidrati semplici) like glucose to complex polysaccharides like cellulose and starch.
Vocabulary: Lipidi include triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols, and waxes, with cholesterol making up 40% of cellular membranes.
Highlight: The relationship between trigliceridi e fosfolipidi is crucial for cellular membrane structure and function.
Definition: Proteins are formed from amino acids linked by peptide bonds, serving various functions from enzymatic activity to structural support.
The page details how biological molecules are organized hierarchically:
- Monomers (simple molecules) combine to form polymers (complex molecules)
- Monosaccharides join to create disaccharides and polysaccharides
- Amino acids link to form proteins
- Nucleotides combine to form DNA and RNA
Special attention is given to the classification of carboidrati semplici e complessi, highlighting their different roles in biological systems. The text emphasizes how these molecules work together in living organisms, with particular focus on their structural and functional relationships.
